LASERS & AMPLIFIERS
Nobel Prize to Agostini-Krausz-L'Huillier
Experimental Methods that Generate Attosecond Pulses of Light for the Study of Electron Dynamics in Matter
Click: NOBEL-PRIZE-2023/
Embedded Files
Lasers & Amplifiers Typically Used in Our Experiments
Lasers and Amplifiers
Solid-State Nonlinear Optical Crystals
Photodetectors
Electronics
Data-Acquisition and Data-Analysis
Above Figure: Continuum's
High Energy, Injection-Seeded, Repetatively Pulsed, and Frequency Doubled Nd:YAG Laser
Coherent's Ti:Sapphire Regenerative Pulsed Amplifier
Question: What is Laser Physics ? What is Nonlinear Optics (NLO) ?
Answer: Study of light-matter interaction is called laser physics. During this light-matter interaction when intensity in the light beam is large enough so that its electric field become comparable to the existing atomic field in the medium, the light-matter interaction become nonlinear i.e. polarization induced in the medium scales nonlinearly with the applied electric field. Branch of laser physics, which deals with light-matter interaction in the nonlinear regime, is called nonlinear optics. Nonlinear optical processes are characterized by frequency mixing and are generally practiced with high peak power pulsed lasers. Today, nonlinear optics is the most productive area within the entire field of laser physics !
Nonlinear Optical Frequency Conversion
M. M. Fejer, Physics Today p. 25, May 1994.
Download: (Frequency-Conversion) Pdf
Tunable Solid-State Laser
Spectroscopic and Laser Characteristics of Ti:Al2O
P. F. Moulton, JOSA B 3 (1), 125 (1986).
Download: (Ti:Sapphire) Pdf
Above Figure Shows Commercially Available Optical Parametric Oscillator (OPO)
Chapter 9: Optical Parametric Oscillator Robert L. Byer
Quantum Electronics eds. H. Rabin and C. L. Tang (1975)
Vol. 1 Part B Nonlinear Optic
Download: (Review-OPO) Pdf
Question: How Laser Physics Experiments Work ?
Answer: To Look inside the Laser Physics Laboratories:
Click: Laser-Laboratory
Question: How to win a Nobel Prize ?
Answer: Switch your research to Laser Physics. Recently, highest number of Nobel Prizes are being awarded to those researchers who work with Lasers.
Laser Physics Nobel Prizes From 1960 to 2023 !
Nobel Prize for year 1964: For Quantum Electronics / Laser-Maser Principle
C. H. Townes, N. G. Basov, and A. M. Prokhorov
Click: Nobel -Prize-1964
Nobel Prize for year 2018: For Method of Generating High-Intensity Ultra-Short Optical Pulses
G. Mourou and D. Strickland
Click- Nobel-Prize-2018
Nobel Prize for year 2023: For Experimental Methods that Generate Attosecond Pulses of Light for the
Study of Electron Dynamics in Matter.
P. Agostini, F. Krausz, and A. L' Huillier
Click: Nobel-Prize-2023/
Question:If you need to know anything about Laser Physics & Technology then where you should go to look for?
Answer: First Click on following website: (www.rp-photonics.com/encyclopedia)
R. Paschotta, Encyclopedia of Laser Physics and Technology (Wiley, 2008).
Question: Where is highest power Laser ?
Answer: The Highest Power Laser in the World
Petawatt Laser Probes Nature at Texas University
Physics Today 61(10), 27 (2008).
Download:(University-Texas-(Austin)-Laser) Pdf
Typical Lasers and Amplifiers Used in our Experiments
High Power Pulsed Nd:YAG Laser
Download: (Nd:YAG-LASER-1) Pdf
Download: (Nd:YAG-LASER-2) Pdf
Ultrafast Laser
Download: (Ultrafast-Laser-1) Pdf
Download: (Ultrafast-Laser-2) Pdf
Diode Pumped Solid State (DPSS) Laser
Download: (DPSS-Laser-1) Pdf
Download: (DPSS-Laser-2) Pdf
Tunable Semiconductor Diode Lasers
Download: (Diode-Laser) Pdf
Tunable cw Ti:Sapphire Ring Laser
Download: (Ring-Laser-1) Pdf
Download: (Ring-Laser-2) Pdf
Tunable Pulsed Dye Laser
Download: (Pulsed-Dye-Laser-1) Pdf
Download: (Pulsed-Dye-Laser-2) Pdf
Ytterbium (Yb) Fiber Laser
Download: (Yb-Fiber-Laser) Pdf
Carbon Dioxide Laser
Download: (CO2-Laser) Pdf
Above Figure Shows Commercially Available Nonlinear Solid-State Crystals
Solid-State Nonlinear Optical Crystals
Lithium Triborate (LBO)
Beta-Barium Borate (BBO)
Potassium Titanyl Phosphate (PPKTP)
Lithium Niobate(PPLN)
Potassium Titanyl Arsenate (PPKTA)
Lithium Tantalate (PPLT)
Photonic Crystal
Photodetector
(For Detection of Entangled Photons)
Single-Photon Detectors for Optical Quantum Information Applications
R. H. Hadfield, Nature Photonics 3, 696 (2009)
Download: (Detector-QIS) Pdf
Above Figure Shows Single-Photon Counting Module
Such detectors, which are based on Avalanche Multiplication, have single photon sensitivity i.e. can detect optical radiation with energy as low as energy of a single photon.
Above Figure Shows Output of a Photon Number Resolving (PNR) Detector
Such Photon Number Resolving (PNR) detectors can count number of photons in optical pulse incident into the detector. These detectors are used with strongly attenuated femtosecond optical pulses required in some quantum information experiments. Such detectors are also used for some advanced quantum information applications such as generation of Complex Multi-Photon Entangled States, development of photonic Quantum Repeaters, and development of photonic Quantum internet.
Above Figure Shows Electronic Pulse Generator
Above Figure Shows Electronic Pulses
Above Figure Shows A Tektronix Storage Oscilloscope
Above Figure shows Computer Aided Measurement and Control (CAMAC) for Data Acquisition
Above Figure shows Data Analysis for Experiment
END
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